Posted by: Jim | July 7, 2008

The Messiah Tablet

An interesting piece in the New York Times today [originally posted July 5] declares

A three-foot-tall tablet with 87 lines of Hebrew that scholars believe dates from the decades just before the birth of Jesus is causing a quiet stir in biblical and archaeological circles, especially because it may speak of a messiah who will rise from the dead after three days.

Oddly, the stone is not really a new discovery. It was found about a decade ago and bought from a Jordanian antiquities dealer by an Israeli-Swiss collector who kept it in his Zurich home. When an Israeli scholar examined it closely a few years ago and wrote a paper on it last year, interest began to rise. There is now a spate of scholarly articles on the stone, with several due to be published in the coming months. “I couldn’t make much out of it when I got it,” said David Jeselsohn, the owner, who is himself an expert in antiquities. “I didn’t realize how significant it was until I showed it to Ada Yardeni, who specializes in Hebrew writing, a few years ago. She was overwhelmed. ‘You have got a Dead Sea Scroll on stone,’ she told me.” Ms. Yardeni, who analyzed the stone along with Binyamin Elitzur, is an expert on Hebrew script, especially of the era of King Herod, who died in 4 B.C. The two of them published a long analysis of the stone more than a year ago in Cathedra, a Hebrew-language quarterly devoted to the history and archaeology of Israel, and said that, based on the shape of the script and the language, the text dated from the late first century B.C.

I won’t copy out the whole thing- but it certainly is worth reading! And sure, it’s not new news, but it is a great report (for those who keep up with such things and who don’t have access to Cathedra, which is harder to find here in the gulag than a gunless home).

UPDATE:  Joseph Lauer has assembled nearly every relevant link and writes

I’ve received a number of e-mails and postings regarding the previously circulated New York Times article “Tablet Ignites Debate on Messiah and Resurrection”. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/06/world/middleeast/06stone.html

Hershel Shanks noted that the first English publication of the tablet appeared in an article “A New Dead Sea Scroll in Stone?” by Dr. Ada Yardeni in the January/February 2008 BAR. The Hebrew and English texts of the tablet are linked at the BAS website at http://bib-arch.org/news/dss-in-stone-news.asp .
In addition, as also circulated on Dr. Jack Sasson’s Agade list, in that article, Dr. Yardeni described the 3-foot-by 1-foot stone inscribed with a lengthy text that she would refer to as a Dead Sea Scroll had it been written on leather. A photo of the stone appears in the issue; for the transcription of the Hebrew text go to
< http://bib-arch.org/news/dssinstone_hebrew.doc >; for an English translation, go to < http://bib-arch.org/news/dssinstone_english.doc >.
Yitzhak Sapir noted that an April 4, 2007 Nfc Hebrew-language article about the Cathedra article mentioned by the Times (in which Ada Yardeni and Binyamin Elitzur analyzed the tablet), could be read at http://www.nfc.co.il/Archive/001-D-127652-00.html?tag=11-28-43 (or http://www.nfc.co.il/Archive/001-D-127652-00.html ).
He also noted that through links in the Nfc article a PDF of the Yardeni/Elitzur Cathedra Hebrew article (no. 123, Nisan 5767, pp. 155-166) could be read at http://www.nfc.co.il/uploadFiles/138240993022919.pdf and a drawing and a Hebrew transcription of the tablet could be viewed at http://www.nfc.co.il/uploadFiles/848324000835419.pdf . See
As some may remember, I circulated an April 20, 2007 Ha’aretz article by Prof. Israel Knohl (”In three days, you shall live”) in which he discussed the tablet and his book and his theory, mentioned in the Times article. The article may be read at

UPDATE II: Time Magazine has added a story on the topic.

UPDATE III: A Disclaimer of Sorts.  This last update (I don’t think I’ll update any more since the story already has legs and is now everywhere) is a brief observation – and may simply be taken as such:

If you’re wondering why this story is now appearing everywhere, don’t you remember what happened with the so called ‘Gospel of Judas’?  We can expect a whole spate of translations of the ‘Messiah Tablet’ followed by scholarly dissertations, a Discovery Channel special, rebuttals, a special session at the SBL, and then a return to the tablet as interest resumes at Easter when the Discovery Channel will be joined by the major networks in assembling talking heads and offering varied opinions for – I must remind you – an UNPROVENANCED artifact.  Without provenance, the thing is meaningless.  But that won’t stop a cottage industry from rising up to spew forth ridiculous nonsense onto an unsuspecting and ignorant public who lap up such things like dogs lap up their own vomit.


Responses

  1. Very interesting stuff, Dr. Jim.

    I know some fundies who will lose their minds because of this so, of course, I’ll be sending them the link!

  2. I would submit there is a degree of probability this stone tablet text is yet another sensationalist scam, as is clearly indicated by the facts

    (1) that no specific information is available on its provenance and

    (2) that no details are provided on carbon dating of the ink.

  3. I read the English transcription, and I see nothing directly about any kind of resurrection. There are references to three days in several places.

    I would have to look at the referenced documents to see if one could complete the verses.

    So far, on a scale of impact for Orthodox Christianity, with one being the lowest impact and ten being the highest impact, this is about a 1.01.

  4. I went digging through Josephus last night (talk about a glutton for punishment) and a found a reference to a “Simon” being killed. However, in the aftermath of Herod’s death, when the country careened towards revolution and before Quinctilius Varus got there to restore order, he tells of a ‘Simon’ who was acclaimed “king” and then killed by Gratus. It seems unlikely that this could be the same as Valerius Gratus who was praefect 20 years later, but, in an earlier paragraph he also mentions a “Rufus” in colloboration with Gratus. Now, Annius Rufus was praefect before Valerius Gratus and it really seems unlikely that both names should appear in such a context. Maybe Josephus was just substituting familiar names for his Greco-Roman audience? Or maybe he was playing fast and loose with the facts…..again?

    {Antiquities of the Jews, Book XVII, Chapter 10, 6)

  5. It doesn’t really shake Christianity to say that an previous resurrection occurred. After all, look to the Old Testament (Daniel 12, Ezekiel 37). God demonstrated his ability to raise people from the dead in the past, so yet another demonstration does not devalue Christ’s resurrection.

    That said, Israel Knohl’s methods of research are flawed. He goes to the text already expecting what he’ll find – I’m glad the NYTimes included Mr. Bar-Asher’s comments, “In crucial places of the text there is lack of text.” No need to comment much more after that.

  6. Hi Jim

    Yes, concentration should also be on the provenance and the ink. You know what human nature is like… particularly in our days and in this field…

  7. Hi,

    I’ve read the story about this tablet on different sites on internet and it is about the same, with less or more details.

    I understand that this stone is about a prophetic text, about the death and resurrection of Messiah (NOT about a man that died and was resurrected after 3 days before the stone was written).

    This is not a new idea, but is very old; it appears from the books of Moses. It is found in the books of Daniel and Isaiah especially (chapter 53 describes very detailed the sufferance of Messiah), also psalms written by David (psalm 22 in the Bible, I don’t know how it is called in the Torah -it is a very good example).

    Jim, it is true that always there can be questions about the authenticity of the stone, but as I’ve understood there is a small possibility of being a fake. I quote from NY Times article :” A chemical examination by Yuval Goren, a professor of archaeology at Tel Aviv University who specializes in the verification of ancient artifacts, has been submitted to a peer-review journal. He declined to give details of his analysis until publication, but he said that he knew of no reason to doubt the stone’s authenticity.”
    You can find the entire article here :
    http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/06/world/middleeast/06stone.html

    This shouldn’t be a new idea or a world changing fact. It is just another prophecy of the Only One who knows the past, the present and the future and Who gave He’s only Son for the sins of the entire world (Jewish people or not).

  8. [...] fra medierne fra til os. Ed Cook har en hel lille selvstændig artikel om inskriptionen. Og Jim West har bl.a. en komplet samling henvisninger til hebraisk og engelsk tekst og tegninger af stenen, [...]

  9. it makes lot of sense.christainity is derived from judaism and islam from christainity.there is no need to fight in the name of religion.

  10. [...] tablet" (but Jim West has a nice collection of links and his usual trenchant comments here ). Reading the Time article , however, I was struck by Israel Knohl’s quote regarding the [...]

  11. Many thanks, Jim. I tried my hand at a post on this today: http://biblische.blogspot.com/2008/07/messianism-before-christ-gabriels.html
    As always, All the best,
    —SLC

  12. What else Israel needs to recognize Jesus as the waited one??? The road is narrowing.


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